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HIV, AIDS and sexually transmitted infections - care, support and prevention - AIDS action

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  care, support and prevention

 

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 HIV, AIDS and sexually transmitted infections - care, support and prevention - AIDS action
 

Practical information for health workers, educators and community carers on HIV, AIDS and sexually transmitted infections covering care, support and prevention.
 
 
 
 
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AIDS action  >  Contents of All Issues and Supplements 
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Contents of All Issues and Supplements

 
 
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AIDS Action

    Issue 1  Promoting dialogue

top of page

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The first issue of AIDS action

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Education: a powerful weapon

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Promoting dialogue

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AIDS and the developing world

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An integrated approach

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Questions and answers

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AIDS and primary health care
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Immunisation

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Breastfeeding

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AIDS: a global problem
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Control strategies

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Country report
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Uganda: an AIDS control programme

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Resources
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Information Sources

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Equipment

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Books/Manuals

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Newsletters/Leaflets

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Video

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Other Resource Material

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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Preventing transmission through blood and blood products: recommendations for health workers

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Considerations for health care settings in developing countries

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Basic prevention: universal blood and body fluid precautions

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Basic prevention: reducing parenteral and other invasive procedures

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Special issues

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Provisional WHO Clinical Case Definition for Adult AIDS

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Other SPA publications of interest

 

    Issue 2  Health education

top of page

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Back to basics

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Reaching schoolchildren - Sex education in the Cameroon

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Health education
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Guidelines for action

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Campaigning on use of condoms

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Country report
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Facing AIDS in Costa Rica

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Resources
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Teaching Materials

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Information Sources

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Books/Manuals

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Equipment

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Newsletters/Leaflets

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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World Summit of Ministers of Health on AIDS

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Social aspects of AIDS prevention and control

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The national planning process

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AIDS Surveillance Report

 

    Issue 3  Testing

top of page

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Tests: discrimination or discovery?

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The human immunodeficiency virus
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Explaining the nature of the virus that causes AIDS

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Blood screening
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HIV testing in rural hospitals

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Tests: Terminology and Types

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Clinical diagnosis of AIDS
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Clinical case definition in developing countries

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Increasing awareness
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Running AIDS workshops

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Resources
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Equipment

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Books/Pamphlets

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Teaching Materials

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Sources of Information

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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The clinical symptoms

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Guidelines on sterilisation and high-level disinfection methods
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Methods of sterilisation and disinfection

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High-level disinfectants

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Field guide to sterilisation and high-level disinfection: techniques effective against HIV

 

    Issue 4  Brazil

top of page

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Breaking the silence

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Health education
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Ze Cabra-Macho does it safely ...

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Life on the building sites

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Convincing the companies

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Creating a visual impression

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Avoiding panic

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Health and safety at work

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Country report
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The face of AIDS in Brazil
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Mythical face of AIDS

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Looking at the reality

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Finding a response

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Counselling
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What to tell someone who has AIDS ...
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What every patient needs to know

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Help, but don't over-help

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Be reliable and consistent

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Try to maintain regular contact with the patient's physician

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Let patients discuss their feelings

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Be sensitive to the patient's social unit

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Encourage group support

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Remember you, too, have feelings

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A basic guide to safer sex

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Questions and answers

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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World AIDS Day

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World Health Organisation adopts anti-discrimination resolution on AIDS

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Counselling in HIV infection and disease
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AIDS can be prevented

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The role of counselling

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Counselling for whom?

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Who provides counselling?

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Risk reduction

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Risk reduction needs to emphasise that:

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What needs to be done now

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Cases Reported by Continent as of 31/07/1988

 

    Issue 5  Diagnosis

top of page

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Diagnosis: a clinical dilemma

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Children, HIV infection and AIDS
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How are children infected with AIDS?

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What is the risk of an HIV infected mother passing the disease on to her baby?

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How can I tell if a child is

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Clinical case definition of paediatric AIDS

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Can children catch AIDS from immunisations?'

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Can health workers catch AIDS from mothers and children?

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How can we stop more children being infected?

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Update: HIV tests
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The 'Bar of Soap' test

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Country report
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Uganda: paediatric AIDS
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Common signs and symptoms

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Opportunistic infections
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
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Symptoms

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Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Side effects

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Prevention

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Tuberculosis
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Diagnosis is obviously complicated. How should medical practitioners deal with this?

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A word of warning:

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Counselling Hints
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Using condoms

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Health Precautions
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Disposal of placenta

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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Breastfeeding, breast milk and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

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Statement from the Consultation held in Geneva, 23-25 June, 1987

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Breast still best!

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Recommendations

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Consultation on AIDS and the Workplace
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I. General statement

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2. Introduction

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3. Policy principles

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4. Policy development and implementation

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5. Policy components
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A. Persons applying for employment:

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B. Persons in employment:
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1. HIV/AIDS screening:

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2. Confidentiality:

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3. Informing the employer:

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4. Protection of the employee:

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5. Access to service for employees:

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6. Benefits:

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7. Reasonable changes in working arrangements:

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8. Continuation of employment relationship

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9. First aid:

 

    Issue 6  STDs

top of page

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Manuals

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What have you heard about sexually transmitted diseases?
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Preventing STDs - and AIDS

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How common are STDs ?

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Time to act

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Treating HIV infection like a Sexually Transmitted Disease
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What are the main aims of STD control programmes?

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Why are STD programmes important for AIDS prevention and control?

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Do STDs facilitate transmission of HIV?

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Does HIV infection affect the clinical symptoms of other STDs?

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Treatment guidelines
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General guidelines on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of genital ulcer disease
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Chancroid
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Signs and symptoms

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Treatment

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Syphilis,
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Signs and symptoms
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Primary syphilis:

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Secondary syphilis:

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Latent syphilis:

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Late syphilis:

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Laboratory diagnosis
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Non-specific tests:

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Specific tests:

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Treatment

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Genital herpes
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Signs and symptoms

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Treatment

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Treatment protocol for genital ulcers

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Health promotion
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A day in the life of Gente Joven
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Sexuality in school

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Five themes

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San Bernabe and the puppet show

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Meeting the promoters

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Street talks

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Readers' Comments

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Resources
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Colour slide sets

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Manuals

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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World AIDS Day - a special embrace
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Putting the pieces together

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Consultation on Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) as a Risk-factor for HIV Transmission
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Introduction

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STDs as a risk-factor for HIV transmission

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Research Priorities

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Strategic and programmatic implications

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WHO Publications

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International Conference

 

    Issue 7  Diarrhoea and AIDS

top of page

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Cooperation and coordination

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Diarrhoea and AIDS
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What is diarrhoea?

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What causes diarrhoea?

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Is diarrhoea dangerous?

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Why do people with AIDS often suffer from diarrhoea?

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What are the common causes of AIDS-related diarrhoea?

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What is the treatment for AIDS-related diarrhoea?
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For dehydration:

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For the infection:

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Can better nutrition help treat the effects of diarrhoea?

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Why is diarrhoea more of a problem in developing countries?

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How can diarrhoea be prevented?

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Home care

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Counselling.
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A family commitment
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Home care

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A lot to say and a little time to say it

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Understanding symptomless infection

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Giving advice

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Community care

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The Northwest AIDS Foundation, Seattle, USA

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The UK NGO AIDS Consortium
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What the consortium does

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United but still independent

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International NGO meeting

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Resources
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Videos
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Survivors - for street children:

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AIDS: Frankly Speaking and Young People Talking - for health workers and health planners:

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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For our mutual benefit
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What role can NGOs play in AIDS control programmes?

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What is the relevance of Who's Global AIDS Strategy to the work of local NGOs?

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What are the main elements of cooperation between WHO and NGOs?

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What sort of NGOs does the GPA work with?

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What kind of activities is WHO/GPA planning with NGOs?

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Youth and AIDS
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Why focus on youth?

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What are the consequences of HIV infection?

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Young people can prevent the spread of the virus that causes AIDS

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Why don't more young people protect themselves against HIV infection?

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What is being done to prevent HIV infection among young people?

 

    Issue 8  Community-based care

top of page

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AIDS home care team at Chikankata Hospital, Zambia

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Taking counselling and care into the community
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Setting up a team

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Counselling

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Gilbert's story

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Opinion
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Not just a Rabbi's responsibility

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African women against AIDS

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Working in schools
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Join the Club!
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What do the clubs do?

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How are the Zambian clubs organised and funded?

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How successful are the clubs?

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Oral signs of AIDS
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Fungal infections

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Bacterial infections

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Viral infections

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Oral manifestations: prevention and treatment guidelines
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Prevention

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Treatment
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Thrush

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Gum disease

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Letters
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Quality and proper use of condoms

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Resources
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Education in schools

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Manual - A Colour Atlas of AIDS in the Tropics

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Video - AIDS-Wise, No Lies

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Colour slide sets

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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The role of non-government organisations (NGOs) in National AIDS Programmes
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What are the major areas for government and NGO co-operation in the ACP?

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How does NGO/government co-operation really work?

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What is the financial relationship between NGOs and the national programme?

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What do you see as the main direction for ACP/NGO co-operation in the future?

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Biomedical update
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HIV infection and drug research
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HIV-I and HIV-2

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Drugs which slow down or block the multiplication of HIV

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Explanation of scientific terms

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'Our lives, our world ...'

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Funding opportunity for NGO projects

 

    Issue 9  Women

top of page

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Women, HIV and AIDS

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A few facts
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What is AIDS?

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What is safer sex?

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Is AIDS a 'woman's disease'?

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Talking safer sex
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How to start

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Solving problems

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Keeping up the romance

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Condoms are not the only answer...

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Avoiding insult

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Sex outside the relationship

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Thailand - Deadly serious humour for the 'Go-Go Girls'

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Zimbabwe - Identifying our strengths
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Sexual loyalty

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Sexual attitudes and stigma

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Traditional healers

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General guidelines on cross-infection control in the dental surgery
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Personal hygiene

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Cleaning and sterilising instruments

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Interview

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Readers' Letters
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AIDS and skin problems

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Transmission of HIV

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Resources
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Organisations

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Health education material

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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The Second International Symposium on Information and Education on AIDS
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Reaching the hard to reach

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Counselling

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Reaching young people

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Women and AIDS: current knowledge
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Transmission of HIV infection from mother to child
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Transmission before birth (prepartum)

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Transmission during birth (intrapartum)

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Transmission after birth (postnatal)

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Paediatric HIV infection/AIDS
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Testing for HIV infection

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Definitions and clinical manifestations

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HIV and pregnancy
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What every mother-to-be should know

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Testing pregnant women

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Reproduction and HIV infection

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Biomedical Update
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Developing an AIDS vaccine

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Guide to Planning Health Promotion for AIDS Prevention and Control

 

    Issue 10  Epidemiology and Infections

top of page

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Discriminating against people infected with HIV
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Why some organisations will not be attending the largest international conference on AIDS

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Opportunistic infections
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Skin conditions common to people with HIV infection or AIDS
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A: Generalised dermatitis (inflammation)

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B: Infections/infestations

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C: Skin tumours

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Pruritic maculopapular rash (prurigo)
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Treatment:

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Bacterial infections

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Fungal infections
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Treatment:

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Viral infections
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Herpes simplex
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Treatment:

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Herpes zoster (shingles)
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Treatment:

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Skin tumours
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Treatment:

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Community education
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Haiti
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Beauty parlours and health promoters

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Educating factory workers

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Mexico
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Pressure points

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Legal pursuits

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News
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Director of Global Programme on AIDS resigns

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Wonderwomen and Superman take on AIDS

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Epidemiology
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HIV/AIDS in Mexico
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Sexual transmission

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Blood transmission

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Campaigning and resources

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Caribbean
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Mode of transmission

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Trends

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What is CAREC?

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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Reported AIDS Cases, as at 31 March,1990
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Africa

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Americas

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Asia

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Europe

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Oceania

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World Grand Total

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Clinical signs of AIDS

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What does adult AIDS look like?
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Earlier signs of HIV infection

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Later signs of HIV infection (AIDS)

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Opportunistic infections
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Clinical signs

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Certain tumours
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(a) Kaposi's sarcoma

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(b) Lymphomas

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What is the course of the disease in AIDS patients?

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WHO clinical case definition for AIDS in adults when diagnostic resources are limited

 

    Issue 11  Street children

top of page

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Surviving the streets

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Practical guidelines
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Knowing where to start
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Start with yourself

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Use local resources

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Discussing health and sex

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News-First International Conference on AIDS and Homeless Youth: an agenda for the future

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Brazil - Developing materials

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Education in schools
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Action magazine on AIDS
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Where did we start?

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Planning the message

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Making the message fun

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Pull out teachers' pages

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Street projects
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Home from home - Helping children on the streets of Bogotá
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Drug use

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STDs and child-size condoms

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Leaving the streets

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HIV and the nervous system
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Current knowledge on common HIV-related neurological disorders
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Direct effect of HIV
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AIDS Dementia Complex

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Vacuolar myelopathy

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Opportunistic infections
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Cryptococcal meningitis

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Toxoplasmosis

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Tumours and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

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Summary

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Explanation of scientific terms

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Letters
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Are condoms safe?

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Routes of transmission of HIV

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Resources on street children
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Publications
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General

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Prostitution

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Human rights

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AIDS education

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Sources of information

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Educational materials

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WHO Report - AIDS: a worldwide effort will stop it
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Using audio-visuals in health education
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Are you showing the right film?

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Do you have the right equipment?

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Presenting the film

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Presenting information

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As a teaching aid

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Training teachers

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Evaluating AIDS health promotion
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What is health promotion?

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What is evaluation?

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Approaching evaluation

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Avoiding suspicion

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Information gathering

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Assessing outreach

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Assessing knowledge, attitudes and practice

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Assessing comprehension of the message

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Carrying out the evaluation

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News
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Educating youth

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World AIDS Day 1990 - focus on women

 

    Issue 12  Policies in Solidarity

top of page

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Policies in Solidarity
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What does 'solidarity' mean?

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What is this in practice?

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Training
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How to plan a project and apply for funds

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Doing it our way

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Treatment

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Common fungal infections in HIV disease

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Superficial fungal infections
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I. Candidiasis

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2. Tinea versicolor

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3. Dermatophyte (ringworm) infections

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Subcutaneous mycoses

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Systemic mycoses
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I. Cryptococcosis

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2. Histoplasmosis

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Management of vaginal thrush

 

    Issue 13  Safer sex

top of page

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Communicating sexual health
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What is sexual health?
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Practising safer sex

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Caring talk saves lives

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Ethiopia - Bekele and the bar women

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Views from Africa
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Faith, Hope and Chastity

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Preparing for that 'big day'

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Sexually transmitted diseases - Guidelines for management
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Explanation of medical terms

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Management of STD associated syndromes

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Signs and symptoms of specific STDs

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Letters

 

    Issue 14  Blood safety

top of page

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Life-saver or blood sucker?

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National programming - The Zimbabwe experience

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International co-operation - Blood Programme of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

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The blood trade - At life's expense
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Breaking the blood mafia

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India - The art of buying

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HIV antibody testing - Commonsense and sensitivity

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Letters

 

    Issue 15  Sex industry

top of page

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The sex industry

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Practical guidelines - How to sell safer sex
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Planning a campaign

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Providing services

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Ideas for action

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Male sex workers - Reaching out
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India - Beyond the Monsoon

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Brazil - Sex and self-worth

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Philippines - 'Only for the money'

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Education and training - Lessons for life
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Back to School: Peru

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Health Workers: Romania

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Training Trainers: South Africa

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Letter

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News

 

    Issue 16  Evaluation

top of page

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What have we all been doing - and have we been doing it right?
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What we have learnt

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Practical guidelines - Approaching evaluation
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1. Comparative studies

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2. Interviews, questionnaires

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3. Ethnographic investigation

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Mix and Match

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Urban primary health care - Building a house of health
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Medical services

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Quality, not just quantity

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Action speaks louder than words

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Building an AIDS campaign

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Community educators

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Conclusion

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Community counselling - Behaviour change - measured by the community, for the community
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What exactly is community counselling?

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How does this process start?

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Monitoring change

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Conclusion

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Interview - Educator and activist

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New Publication

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Letter

 

    Issue 17  Human rights

top of page

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Human rights are everyone's rights

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Human rights and HIV/AIDS
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Strategies for action
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What are human rights?

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The law, courts and tribunals

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International organisations

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Governments

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Community groups

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Individuals

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Challenging discrimination in India

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Second class citizens

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Access to health care - 'We have a right to live and die with dignity'
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Care In the community

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Coming to terms with AIDS

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Human rights and homosexuality - On the frontline
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Driving AIDS underground

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From intolerance to respect

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Radical response

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Rights of young people and children
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Talking health promotion on to the streets!
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Changing discriminatory laws

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Poverty and violence

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Supportive health workers

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News

 

    Issue 18  AIDS and work

top of page

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Work against AIDS
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Education, not discrimination

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Beyond the work place

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AIDS and work
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The high cost of the epidemic
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Lost productivity and skills

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Impact on families

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Pressure on health care

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'Solidarity is a big enterprise!'

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Steaming ahead

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Action in the workplace
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AIDS is everybody's business
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Educators at work

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Caring companies?

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Prevention: who pays?
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It's all in the rubber!

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Clinical update - Coping with dual infection: HIV and tuberculosis
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How are TB and HIV related?

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How is TB diagnosed in people with HIV?

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What are the principles of TB treatment?

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Does HIV infection affect how TB should be treated?

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Spread the word, not TB!

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Preventive chemotherapy

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Some possible treatment regimens

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News

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Resources

 

    Issue 19  Training for health workers

top of page

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Training makes a big difference

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Training for health workers
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Learning through experience

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Training exercise: who will be treated?

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Towards healthy working

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Working with community leaders
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'AIDS is not a problem for us'

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Home care training guidelines
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Courage, compassion and care
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Training and support

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Facts about HIV and AIDS

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Care for common symptoms

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The health worker's key role

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Preventing infection

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Emotional support

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Confidentiality

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Nutrition

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Building on tradition

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Infection prevention for carers
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Skin protection

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Readers' survey

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News and resources

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Steps to success in teaching and training
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Before starting

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Approaches to education and training

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Steps to participatory learning
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1: Assess what people know already

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2: Build on what is known

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3: Check people's understanding

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4: Problem solving and decision making

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5: Evaluating education or training

 

    Issue 20  Self-help groups

top of page

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'Going public plays a crucial role in the fight against AIDS... but coming out as HIV-positive should never be forced.'

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Self-help groups
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Skilled educators, not 'teaching-aids'!

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Taking control of my life

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Self-help groups can ....

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Women meet with women

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Responding to local needs

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Steps ahead

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Questions and answers
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Check your facts

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Clinical update
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Diagnosing symptomatic HIV infection and AIDS in adults
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AIDS clinical definition

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Uses of terms

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Symptomatic HIV infection criteria

 

    Issue 21  Drugs and HIV

top of page

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Sex, drugs and HIV control

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Outreach guidelines
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Take prevention to the people

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Face-to-face outreach work increases impact

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HIV and injecting drug use
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Clean needles save lives

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Sterile equipment reduces risk of HIV

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Strategies for safer drug use (from most to least safe)

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Clinical update
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Anti-HIV drugs: no magic bullets

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AZT: limited usefulness

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Letter

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Resources

 

    Issue 22  Sexual health

top of page

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Promoting sexual health

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HIV/STDs and family planning
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Making good connections
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Infection prevention

bullet

Approaches to integration

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Women at risk

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More than sexual health

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Assessing risk

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Safer sex and condoms
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Giving people more choices
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Safer sex activities include

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Emphasise the benefits

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Practice makes perfect

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Group Exercise: Why don't people use condoms?

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Condoms are contraceptives too

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Tips for training
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Talking about sexuality

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Participation is the key

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True-to-life characters

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Practical fieldwork

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Letters

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Sexual health resources

 

    Issue 23  Vaccination and risk reduction

top of page

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Rights and risk reduction

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Vaccine update
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HIV vaccines on trial?
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Challenging HIV

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Slow steps forward?

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No quick fixes for prevention

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Strategies for development

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Ethics are essential

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Preventing HIV in prisons
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Reaching people behind bars
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Educate for protection

bullet

Concerns for care

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Rope of hope

bullet

Clinical update
bullet

Respiratory diseases and HIV
bullet

Bacterial pneumonias

bullet

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)

bullet

Clinical tuberculosis

bullet

Kaposi sarcoma (KS)

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Fungal infections

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Management approaches

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Prevention measures

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Possible steps in second line management

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Letters

bullet

New resources

 

    Issue 24  Counselling

top of page

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Keys to counselling

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Counselling and HIV
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What leads to good counselling?

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Support for safer behaviour

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Dealing with difficult issues

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Confidentiality versus secrecy

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Working with couples

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Practical Guidelines
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Care for the dying
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Practical issues

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Patient care

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Emotional stress

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Caring for the carers

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When death is near

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News

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Resources

 

    Issue 25  Youth

top of page

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Young people first!
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Why focus on young people?

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What do young people need?

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Sex education
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Lessons for life

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Need for national action

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Songs and drama

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Talk not chalk

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Living with HIV
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Young people take action

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Hope, not fear

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Face-to-face

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Positive networking

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Reaching young people
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Condoms and cucumbers

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Supporting ourselves

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Media messages for safer sex

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Letter

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Resources

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Youth to Youth
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AIDS prevention
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Why does peer education work?

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Guiding principles

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Before starting

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Peer approaches

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Education is fun

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Defining the project's objectives

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Recruiting peer educators

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Planning education activities

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Involving people with HIV

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Training for peer educators

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Training ideas

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Supporting the peer educators' work

 

    Issue 26  STDs

top of page

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All about STDs
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Prevention and care at the primary level

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Update: sexually transmitted diseases
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What are STDs?

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Syndromic management for STDs
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STD diagnosis and treatment
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Syndrome approach

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Common STD syndromes

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STD management at primary level
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Guidelines for STD care

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One-to-one advice for every patient includes

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Key messages for the person are

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Genital ulcer

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Urethral discharge

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Lower abdominal pain (PID)

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Vaginal discharge

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Treatment strategies

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Integrating STD services
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Reaching women and men
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Options for prevention

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'All part of the service'
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Integrating care

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Signs of success

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Letter

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Resources for STD care

 

    Issue 27  Children

top of page

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Caring for children

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Infant feeding and HIV
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Risks versus benefits
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Breastfeeding benefits

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Weighing up pros and cons

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Healthy choices

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Alternatives to breastfeeding

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Children and HIV
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Diagnosis dilemmas

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Common symptoms

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Key points for care

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Recognition of symptomatic HIV infection in children

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STD infection in infants

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Epidemiology update
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HIV and AIDS: fact not myth

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Estimated number of HIV-infected adults alive in late 1994

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Training exercise for health workers
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Understanding HIV

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Letter

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Resources

 

    Issue 28  Home care

top of page

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Home and hospital

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Continuum of care
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Care across a continuum

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Close links

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Prevention and care

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Comprehensive care

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Confidentiality

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Involving people with HIV

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Community involvement

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Quality and access

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Does hospice care have a role?

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Programme planning
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Steps in setting up home care
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Before starting...

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Responding to needs

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Referrals for home care

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Staff and training

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Wider involvement

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Counselling

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Care at home

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Care costs

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Programme monitoring

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Treatment, care and medicines
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Caring at home
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Guidelines for carers
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Infection control

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Skin problems

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Sore mouth and throat

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Fevers and pain

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Cough, difficulty in breathing

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Diarrhoea

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Medicine and supplies

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Basic medicines and supplies

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Key role for volunteers

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Letter

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Resources

 

    Issue 29  HIV-prevention programmes

top of page

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Much more than information
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Participation is key

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Fulfilling individual needs

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Making environments supportive

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Training activity: education strategies

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Policy and practice

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Possible barriers to HIV prevention

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Ways to reduce risk

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'Dirty water kills us, not AIDS!'
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Listening to the women

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Challenging attitudes

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Community-based planning
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Talking about tradition
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Discussing sexuality

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Continuing discussion

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Family warmth heals

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Resources

 

    Issue 30  Drugs and nutrition

top of page

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HIV, drugs and diets

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Research update
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Slow progress against HIV
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Anti-HIV treatments

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How HIV works

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Pregnancy and AZT

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Problems

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Immune system boosting

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Affordable and effective?

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Developing new drugs

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Nutrition guidelines
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Eat healthily, stay healthy
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Nutritious and easy to eat

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What is a balanced diet?

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Helping with difficulties

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For women and children

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Community coping

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Safe food preparation

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Learning through games
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AIDS: everyone's task
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Sample "Everyone's task" cards

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Sample "Community' cards

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Learning about AIDS

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Letter

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Resources

 

    Issue 31  TB

top of page

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Tackling TB and HIV
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What is TB?

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A growing crisis

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How do TB and HIV interact?

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Numbers of people developing active TB 1990-1993*

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Principles of TB control
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Proper detection and treatment

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BCG vaccination

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Women and TB

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Preventive chemotherapy

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TB programmes
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Ways to work together: HIV and TB programmes
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TB programme activities

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Collaboration between TB and HIV/AIDS programmes

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What can NGOs do?

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What can health workers do?

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Keeping records

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TB diagnosis
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Detection and diagnosis
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Definitions

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Sputum smear microscopy

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Culturing

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Tuberculin skin testing

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Chest radiography

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Detection and diagnosis of TB in people with HIV

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Treatment
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Treatment for TB
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Pregnant women and young infants

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How to assess cure?

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Failure to respond

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TB SCC treatment for new cases, adults >50kg

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TB re-treatment for adults >50kg

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Side effects of drug treatment

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Treatment issues for people with HIV

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Caring for people with HIV and TB
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Skin reactions and care

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Supervising treatment
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What is DOTS?

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Encouraging treatment

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Community support

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Education and training
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Working with communities
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TB treatment game

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TB education

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Preventing TB in health facilities

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Preventative
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Who should get IPT?

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Limitations of IPT

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WHO recommendations

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Drug resistance
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Why does drug resistance develop?

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Is MDR TB a major problem?

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What are the dangers of MDR TB?

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Resources

 

    Issue 32  Projects

top of page

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Making progress
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Monitoring and evaluation

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Project planning
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Involving people
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Asking the right questions

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All of us!

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Project plans
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Planning steps

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Project staff

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Community links

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Monitoring tools
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Collecting information
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What to collect

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Finding out about feelings

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Focus group discussions

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Questionnaires

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Practical monitoring
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All in a day's work
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Starting with the community

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Measuring progress

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Collecting views

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Learning all together
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Planning in groups

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Involving others

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Letter

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Resources for planning and monitoring

 

    Issue 33  Human rights

top of page

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Rights and respect

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Human rights approach
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Prevent HIV, promote health and human rights
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Small actions, big changes

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Practical activities

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Internationally accepted human rights

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Going public
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Being open, educating others

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Achieving change
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A positive response

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Right to know

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Self-help groups
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Self-help or support

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Anger into action

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Income generation
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Making a living
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Responding to needs

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Saving and borrowing

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Enterprise

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Fighting injustice

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Resources

 

    Issue 34  Blood safety

top of page

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Blood safety
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Success stories

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Reducing HIV transmission
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Strategies for safe blood
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Donating safe blood

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Key points

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Avoiding unsafe donations

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Screening blood

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Reducing blood transfusions

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What is hepatitis B?

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Education and counselling
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Safe blood and safer sex
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Fears about giving blood

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Public education

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Before donating blood

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One-to-one counselling

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Information for blood donors

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After donating blood

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Keeping up commitment
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Staying safer

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Counselling blood donors
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Testing positive
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Young donors

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Other HIV testing options

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Training activities
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Towards better counselling

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Keeping confidences

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Assessing personal risk

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News

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Resources

 

    Issue 35  Disability

top of page

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Disability and HIV
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Disability and impairment

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Learning from each other

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Signs in a time of AIDS

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Communication and counselling needs
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Talking about sex and disability

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HIV fact sheet

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Life skills education
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Keeping safe, feeling healthy

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Training activity
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Check your attitudes

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Resources on Disability

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Organisations

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Resources on HIV and AIDS

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New Publication

 

    Issues 36-37  Sex

top of page

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HIV and safe, healthy sex

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Sex: a sensitive issue

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Talking about our bodies

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Female reproductive organs

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Male reproductive organs

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The menstrual cycle

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Sex and getting pregnant

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Common infections

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Preventing unwanted pregnancy and infection

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Contraceptives

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Condoms

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Putting it into practice

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Resources

 

    Issue 38  Health workers

top of page

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HIV and its impact on health workers

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Health worker stress
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Coping with the burden

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Getting together to talk about stress

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Reducing risk at work
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Steps to making the workplace safer

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Our fears about HIV

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Health workers with HIV
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Health workers need support

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District management
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Allocating resources

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Community treatment for patients with TB

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Caring for children

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Support for home carers

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Drugs for dealing with HIV

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News

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Letter

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New publications

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Resources

 

    Issue 39  Prevention

top of page

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HIV prevention - keys to success

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Principles of prevention
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What works best?

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Prevention in practice
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More than a health issue

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Community support

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Overcoming prejudice

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Building solidarity

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Health worker stress
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Building on success

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Clinical update
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HIV-related diarrhoea

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The right psychology

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Resources

 

    Issue 40  Educating people about HIV

top of page

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Making clear messages

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Principles
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What works best?

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What Materials do you need?

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Planning and pre-testing
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Getting it right

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Leaflets
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Key facts

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Adapting materials
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Exchanging ideas

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A practical checklist

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Writing