HIV testing: a practical approach


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HIV testing: a practical approach
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This practical guide to HIV testing was produced in 1999. It covers all aspects of testing including issues of confidentiality and counselling. It is aimed at people who are responsible for providing health services, for policy makers and planners, and for non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that provide counselling and testing services.

HIV testing: a practical approach

Acknowledgements
Definitions
Introduction
Why test for HIV?
Deciding which tests to use
Screening blood for transfusion
Implementing HIV testing for individuals
Screening for surveillance
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Resources
Organisations
Questionnaire

Contents

Acknowledgements
Definitions
Introduction

Section 1 Why test for HIV?

1.1 When are HIV tests used?

1.2 Questions to consider before implementing HIV testing

1.3 What are the advantages of voluntary HIV testing?

1.4 What are the disadvantages of voluntary HIV testing?

1.5 What problems are associated with mandatory testing?

Section 2 Deciding which tests to use

2.1 HIV antibody tests

2.2 Tests to detect the virus

2.3 Accuracy of the test

2.4 Different tests for different purposes

2.5 Choice of test

Section 3 Screening blood for transfusion

3.1 Reducing the risk of transfusing infected blood

3.2 Information for blood donors

Section 4 Implementing HIV testing for individuals

4.1 Requirements for testing individuals

4.2 Situations with limited resources

4.3 Counselling for voluntary HIV testing

4.4 Pre-test counselling

4.5 Post-test counselling

4.6 Being prepared for different situations

4.7 Confidentiality

4.8 Problems with implementing counselling services

4.9 HIV testing for particular groups

Section 5 Screening for surveillance

Appendix 1 Considering HIV testing and testing strategies
Appendix 2 Characteristics of some selected HIV tests

Resources
Organisations
Evaluation Questionnaire

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